BASIC TECHNICAL, TECHNOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTION WELLS
Abstract
Purpose. A detailed analysis of a sequential algorithm for creating effective and environmentally safe regulations for the development of oil and gas fields with corresponding improved technical and technological support for exploration and production drilling cycles in difficult geological and mining conditions.
Methods. Conducted analytical studies of production processes for the construction of oil and gas wells (and their environmental component) were carried out using a sequence of subsequent operations widely tested to solve relevant engineering problems: . formulating the problem and drawing up a design diagram of the object being studied; development of mathematical and physical models that describe and reproduce the nature of the operations being studied; choosing a method for solving problems; solving the basic mathematical dependencies of the process with maximum use of computational experiment; conducting laboratory research adequate to theory; analysis of the results obtained and formulation of identical conclusions.
Findings. The mechanism for updating the issue of the need to increase the volume of drilling work is traced, which is associated with the need to expand the mineral resource base and fuel and energy resources. The basic properties of reservoir hydrocarbons, the geological characteristics of their deposits and methods for developing the corresponding deposits are determined. The content of individual operations of the drilling cycle is considered in a logical sequence. It has been established that the main potential environmental pollutants during the construction of wells include: washing liquids and grouting mixtures; wastewater; drill cuttings. It is shown in detail that in the absence or poor-quality waterproofing of the bottom and walls of sludge pits, toxic substances enter the soil. The following circumstance can be considered proven: contamination of the fertile layer can occur in the absence of reliable isolation of technological sites for individual operations of the drilling cycle.
Originality. Issues of ensuring proper environmental protection and subsoil protection will be effectively resolved if the geological structure of a particular deposit is taken into account, a reasonable choice of the necessary equipment and materials is used, as well as the use of progressive methods for opening and developing productive horizons.
Practical implications. The results of detailed analytical and laboratory studies presented for consideration, as well as some generalizations of literature data, are basic for the design of technical support and technological parameters of oil and gas deposit development processes. When developing projects for the development of mineral deposits, special attention should be paid to environmental protection issues through the implementation of comprehensive measures for the rational use of natural resources, which is proven in the presented work.
