STUDY OF TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE HYDROMECHANICAL DRILLING METHOD
Abstract
Purpose. Detailed analytical, laboratory and bench study of the main patterns of rock destruction processes under the influence of various factors. Finding ways to effectively operate innovative devices for complex hydromechanical drilling in rocks that differ in the main indicators of physical and mechanical properties. Development of technical and technological regulations for the construction of wells of different access groups with high organizational and economic indicators.
Methods. Determination of the main technological features of downhole destruction processes implemented using combined hydromechanical drilling devices was carried out in compliance with the methods of analytical analysis and experimental research. It was also used to involve in the process of studying certain techniques of mathematical and physical modeling, methods of theoretical processing and interpretation of research results in the environment of SOLIDWORKS, STATGRAPHICS, MATHCAD, relevant instrumentation, tools and materials. Downhole processes were simulated on a special bench installation equipped with instrumentation and devices (in particular: flow meter, pressure gauge, tachometer, coordinate unit, bearing positioning unit, feed mechanism). The results of the process of destruction of the rock mass by impacts of balls were monitored using an electronic caliper with a depth gauge (depth of the destruction hole). The volume of the fracture hole was determined by filling it with plasticine or paraffin. The surface tension of the washing liquid was determined by the stalagmometric method, based on the dependence of the number of drops formed from the volume of the stalagmometer on the surface tension of the liquid.
Findings. The main features of the currently used, mainly mechanical, methods of drilling wells have been studied. The advantages of the hydromechanical drilling method have been determined from the standpoint of significant intensification of downhole processes of destruction of the rock mass due to the creation of a developed crack system in the rocks. The general features of the formation cycle of different parts of the well bottom when using the designed devices are determined. It has been convincingly proven that the results of destruction processes (the volume of the destruction hole) depend on such arguments as the intensity of the load applied, in other words, the speed of movement of the balls, and their number. The existence of the factor of possibility and justified necessity of using surfactants as the main activators of deformation interactions in the “rock-breaking ball - rock massif” pair has been proven, but this requires a rational selection of the chemical components of the destruction medium.
Originality. The intensification of destruction processes during the hydromechanical drilling method is a function of the significant dynamism of the impact of balls circulating in a rational amount on the rock face and is determined by the presence of an active physical and chemical effect of appropriately prepared drilling fluids.
Practical implications. The results of analytical and laboratory bench studies presented for discussion are the basis for the development of constructive and methodological foundations for the implementation of the basic principles of hydromechanical drilling; they can be successfully used when adapting other drilling methods to specific well conditions.
